Subjunctive

SUBJUNCTIVE  1  (kalimat Pengharapan)

 menyatakan suatu harapan yang tidak terjadi /contrary to the fact

as if        : seolah-olah

if only    : sepertinya

wish

would rather

as though            :  seolah-olah, berpura-pura

it`s time

Non Subjunctive : I wish to stay here = I want to stay here

A.      Present subjunctive              Harapan               : menggunakan past tense

Kenyataan          : menggunakan present

I wish I met  Mike                                                    fact : I don`t meet him

If only I were a doctor                                           fact : I am a teacher

It`s time, we all went home                                                fact : we all don`t go home

I would rather you told me the  news            fact : you don`t tell me the news

        Pada subjunctive :  to be menggunakan were

Except       :   Would rather  + V1  than ....      eg. I would rather save the money than buy car

                     Would rather THAT + V2          eg.          I would rather that she went to movie

B.      Past Subjunctive          

Harapan              : menggunakan past perfect       ( had + V3)

Kenyataan          : menggunakan past tense          (V2)

He looks tired as if he had worked hard               fact: he did not work hard

Mira wished she had not come late again             fact: she came late again     Ket.:  come-came-come

I wish she had been here                                       fact : she wasn`t here

I would rather you had told me the news             fact : you didn`t told me the news

If only he hadn`t asked me                                   fact : he asked me

SUBJUNCTIVE  2  (suggestion/advice : saran / nasihat)

Subjunctive + THAT + Verb 1 / to infinitive

VERBS

Advise                  : menasehati

Demand               : menuntut, meminta

Prefer                   : lebih suka

Require                : memerlukan, mensyaratkan, mengharuskan

Decree                 : memutuskan/menitahkan

Request               : memohon, meminta

Urge                      : mendesak

Command           : memerintah

Move                    : mengusulkan, menggerakan

Suggest                : menyarankan

Order                    : memerintah

Recommend      : menganjurkan

Desire                   : menginginkan

The teacher requires that all students study hard

                                                              V1

The judge insisted that he is punished severely (dgn berat)

                                        Present

ADJECTIVES ( impersonal it)

Necessary           : perlu,penting

Urgent                  : mendesak

Important           : penting

Obligatory           : keharusan

Imperative          : keharusan

Suggested           : disarankan

Recommended : dianjurkan

Proposed            : disusulkan

It is necessary that he get good education

                                                V1

It has been proposed that we start  from the beginning

                                                                V1

It was important that you know the address

                                                       V1

NOUN

Suggestion                      : saran

Recommendation            : saran, anjuran

Proposal                          : usulan

Motion                            : usulan

He gives her a recommendation that she is invited

There is a motion that the decision will be cancelled

She puts  a proposal that she get a scholarship

Exercise :

      1.       Many architects prefer that a dome is used to roof building that need to conserve floor space

        A                                                           B                                                    C               D

      Answer :  B     harusnya Verb 1  USE,    pola  : subjuntive (prefer)  That..... V1

     2.       It is  necessary ........ the approaches to a bridges, the road design and alignment in such a way as        to best accomodate the expected traffic  flow over and under it                                                                A.      Plan               B. To plan                            C. Planning                          D. the plan                         Answer : B   titik-titik diisi oleh klausa that atau to infinitive  karena diawali bentuk subjuntive 

      impersonal  it.

      3.       Less moderate members of conggress are insisting that changes in the social security system               .....made

A.      Will                 B. Are                                    C. Being                                D. be              

Answer :  D  bagian titik-titik perlu diisi Verb setelah clause THAT ( subjunctive) isinya tidak boleh auxiliary modal