Saturday, December 1, 2018

Present - Past Tense - Continuous


SIMPLE PRESENT
A. Tidak ada Kata kerja  harus ada to be ( Kalimat Nominal ) 
They                            are       jurnalist
We                               are       student
You                             are       an officer
Andy and Budi           are       banker
I                                   am       a secretary
He                               is          a welder
She                              is          a farmer
It                                 is          my garden
Andy                           is          an army

Negative Form  ( tambahkan NOT pada To Be )
-   They aren`t happy with this job
-   She isn`t in her office 
-   Andy is not an air force but a navy

Interrogative Form  ( letakan To be di awal kalimat ) 
Are they happy with this job ?
Is She in the office ?
Is Andy an air force ?


PRESENT TENSE 
B Jika Ada kata kerja maka tidak pakai to be ( Kalimat Verbal )

Subject
I, you
They, We, tono and andi, the students
Plural nouns
( benda jamak)

He
She
It
Andy
My Father
Singular nouns
(benda tunggal)
uncountable-nouns
(benda tdk terhitung ex: water, salt, oil )
Verb
eat
go
work
Verb + s/es





eats
goes
works
helps
drives
fixes
does
takes


Mereka adalah siswa SMK di Madiun
They are student of Vocational school in Madiun 
Ayahku mengendarai bis setiap hari, ayahku seorang sopir bus
My father drives a Bus everyday, my father is a bus driver
Koki-koki memasak di dapur
chefs cook in the kitchen
Beberapa mekanik memperbaiki mobil di bengkel
Some mechanics  repair  the car in the workshop
Seorang nelayan pergi mancing dengan sampan
A fisherman goes fishing by canoe 
Beberapa Pegawai  bekerja di kantor pemerintah
Some officers work in the government office service

Untuk membentuk kalimat negative dan Tanya pada kalimat verbal membutuhkan kata  kerja Bantu “DO, DOES, DID”
-          Do untuk Subject  ( They, We, I, You, benda jamak)
-          Does untuk Subject ( He, She, It, my father, benda tunggal )
-          Did untuk semua Subject dalam bentuk  Past Tense / lampau

Negative Form ( tambahkan  DO NOT, DOES NOT / DON`T, DOESN`T  setelah Subject )
-   I don`t go to the office on sunday
-   She does not apply in this company
-   Andy doesn`t  type the letter in the office 
Interrogative Form  ( letakan DO, DOES  di awal kalimat ) 
-          Do you go to the office on Sunday?  Yes I do/ No I do not
-          Does she apply in this company?  
-          Does Andy type the letter in the office ?

Exercises

1. Jerry (come/comes) to school on time.
    (- ) Jerry does not come to school on time
    ( ?) Does Jerry come to school on time ?
2. Jerry and Linda (come/comes) to school on time.
    (-)jerry and linda don’t come to school on time Jerry and Linda do not come to school on time
    (?)Do Jerry and Linda come to school on time? Do they come to school on time?
3. Ms. Jones (teach/teaches) geography.
    (-)Ms Jones doesn`t teach geography  Ms. Jones does not teach geography
    (?)Does Ms.Jones teach geography
4. The cats (sleep/sleeps) on the sofa every day.
    (-) the cats do not sleep on the sofa every day The cats do not sleep on the sofa every day
    (?) do the cats sleep on the sofa everydaythe cats sleep on the sofa every day?
5. Milk (cost/costs) two dollars a quart.
    (-) Milk doesn`t cost two dollars a quart
    (?) Does milk cost two dollars a quart


SIMPLE PAST TENSE
A. Tidak ada Kata kerja  harus ada to be ( Kalimat Nominal )
Is, Am    → Was         Are → Were
They                            were    student in SMK 17 Madiun
I                                   was      a leader class when in SMK
Mr. Herman                 was      my teacher

Negative Form  ( tambahkan NOT pada To Be )
-   They were not student in SMK 17 Madiun
-   I wasn`t a leader class when in SMK
-   Mr. Herman was not my teacher
Interrogative Form  ( letakan To be di awal kalimat ) 
Were they student in SMK 17 Madiun ? no they weren`t 
Were you a leader class when in SMK ? no I wasn`t 
Was Mr. Herman your teacher ? no He  was

B  Ada kata kerja tidak pakai to be ( Kalimat Verbal )
Regular Verb → menambahkan ED pada Verb 1
Study    → Studied               accompany → accompanied               like      → liked 
Graduate → graduated           finish          → finished                       work    → worked 

Irregular Verb → tidak beraturan
Verb 1
Verb 2
Verb 3
meaning
Can
Will
May
Go
Forget
Feel
Get
Know
Win
Take
Write
Begin
Bring
Buy
Teach
Drive
Give
Drink
Meet
Fly
Do / Does
Have/Has
Run
Read
Build
Spend

Could
Would
Might
Went
Forgot
Felt
Got
Knew
Won
Took
Wrote
Began
Brought
Bought
Taught
Drove
Gave
Drank
Met
Flight
Did
Had
Run
Read
Built
Spend
Could
Would
Might
Gone
Forgotten
Felt
Got
Known
Won
Taken
Written
Begun
Brought
Bought
Taught
Driven
Given
Drunk
Met
Flight
Done
Had
Run
Read
Built
Spent
Dapat
Akan
Mungkin
Pergi
Lupa
Merasa
Mendapat
Mengetahui
Menang
Mengambil
Menulis
Mulai
Membawa
Membeli
Mengajar
Mengendarai
Memberi
Minum
Mulai
Terbang
Mengerjakan
Mempunyai
Lari
Membaca
Membangun
Membelanjakan


Mereka (dulu ) adalah siswa SMK 17 Madiun
They were student of SMK 17 Madiun
Mereka (dulu) tinggal di rumah pamanku
They stayed in my uncle`s house 
Kami mengetahui mereka  3 tahun yang lalu
We knew them, 3 years ago
Mereka lulus ketika saya di kelas 1 
They graduated when I was in first class
Saya hadir pada acara  itu
I attended to that program


Untuk membentuk kalimat negative dan Tanya pada kalimat verbal membutuhkan kata 
kerja Bantu “DO, DOES, DID”
Semua Subject dalam  kalimat Past Tense menggunakan DID 
Negative Form ( tambahkan  DID NOT / DIDN`T setelah Subject )
-   I didn`t graduate from SMK
-   She did not finish the course program, last year
-   They didn`t  attend the lecture, last week
Interrogative Form  ( letakan Did  di awal kalimat ) 
Did you finish the course program, last year?
Did she know me, 3 days ago?
Did Andy attend the lecture, yesterday ?
Exercises
1. Jerry datang ke rapat OSIS, tepat waktu, tadi pagi              come-came-come
    (+) Jerry came to the OSIS meeting, this morning
    (- ) Jerry didn`t  come the OSIS meeting, this morning
    ( ?) Did Jerry come the OSIS meeting, this morning ?
2. Kami memutuskan untuk belajar di SMK, tahun lalu         decide-decided-decided
    (+) ……………………………………………..
    (-) ………………………………………………
    (?) ……………………………………………...
3. They (dulu) belajar  memperbaiki mobil                             learn-learned-learned
    (+) ……………………………………………..
    (-) ………………………………………………
    (?) ……………………………………………...
4. Bulan lalu, saya melaksanakan Prakerin di Prabrik Redjoagung    do-did-done (aprentice)
    (+) ……………………………………………..
    (-) ………………………………………………
    (?) ……………………………………………...
5. Bu Ari memberi  nasihat pada kami, tadi                           give-gave-given
    (+) ……………………………………………..
    (-) ………………………………………………
    (?) ……………………………………………..

Past Continuous ( Was/Were + Verb ing )   
The past continuous tense : Menggambarkan kegiatan diwaktu lampau dimana kejadian lain  sedang terjadi
In the past continuous tense, the subject is followed by the auxiliary was/were
and the verb is added with the -ing form.
Kata sambung While ( saat)  dan When ( ketika) sering digunakan dalam kalimat ini

Attention ! 
1. Saya sedang berjalan di jalan raya ketika dia mendengar suara keras, kemarin
    I was walking down the street when he heard a loud noise, yesterday
2. Saat, mereka sedang bahasa Inggris, saya bermain gitar, kemarin
    While They  were studying English , I played guitar , last night
3. Saya sedang mengendarai sepeda ketika bus itu menabrak toko, tadi malam
     ……………………………………………………………………………………. 
4. Saat,  saya sedang tidur in kamarku. Temanku nonton TV di kamar lain, tadi malam.
    ……………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Ketika saya sedang menyelesaikan skripsi, keluargaku berangkat  ke roma, bulan lalu 
    …………………………………………………………………………………….

Exercise 1
Fill the gaps by changes the words in the brackets.
Mr. Lee…..(be) a bus driver. Every day he …..(get) up at 7:00 a.m. and ……(prepare) for his day. He …….(showers), eats his breakfast, and ……(put) on his uniform. His wife…. (drives) him to the station where he is waited by ……(he) assistant. Then, they …..(get) on Bus #405 and start the engine. He ……(pulls) out of the parking lot and begins his route. At his first stop, They …. (picks) up Mrs. Miller, who ….(lives) in a red house on the corner of Main Street and Seventh Avenue. She ….(work) at the post office and ….(have) to be to work by 9:00. At the next stop, the Bartlett twins …..(get) on the bus. They …..(attends) class at Bayside Elementary. More children ….(get) on at the next three stops, and they ……(rides) until the bus reaches ……(they) school. Mr. Lee …….(enjoy) seeing the kids every day and happy to see them again in the afternoon when he ……(drive) them safely back home.

Exercise 2
No
Kinds of Profession
Verbs
1
A housewife
Take care
2
Servants
Clean
3
A gardener
Plant
4
A Salesman/women
Offer
5
Unskilled labors
Lift up
6
A Hunter
Aim
7
Shepherds
Look
8
An Architect
Design
9
Carpenters
Saw
10
Bricklayers
Built
11
A barber
Cut

Makes a sentences from the profession and verb above !
Number one is done for you !
A Housewife always takes care of her husband and children
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Exercise 3

 Answer these question, appropriate with your aspiration and real condition.
1. When were you born?
2. What did you dream of when you were a little child?
3. What have you done to make your dream come true?
4. What have you accomplished in your life?
5. Where did you study when you were in Junior high school ?
6. What subject did you like best ?
7. With whom did you study ?
8. What did your friend`s aspiration ?
9. Do you in the same school with your friend, now ?   
10.Do you still have the same dream like when you were a little child?


Exercise 4
Fill the gaps by changes the words in the brackets.

Jadjit Bustomi
Jadjit Bustomi (1)________ (win) the Kalpataru Award on June 5, 2008 because of his concern on environment. He (2)________ (make) a barren hill in Sucolor become a lavish green. When he first (3)________ (set) foot in Sucolor as a teacher, he(4) ________ (see) the entire area of the hill (5) ______(be) dried out. At that time, he (6) _________________ (be/think) about how he (7) ________ (can)change the situation. Jadjit Bustomi then (8) _________ (come) up with the idea of encouraging his students to plant trees along the route to the village. He just (9)________________ (not/want) his students to suffer from scorching heat while they (10) ____________________ (be/walk) home from school. The trees then (11)_________ (grow) and (12)__________ (serve) as umbrellas along the road toward the school. He then came up with more ideas. He (13)____________ (find) out vegetables and other secondary crops planted arround the rice and farms. He (14)_____________ (choose) three plant varieties, namely pete, mangoes, and durians. In the beginning, no one (15)______________(welcome) his ideas. Finally, the villagers (16)_____________ (realize) that pete, mangoes, and durians are more profitable to grow. The villagers (17)______ (be) soon (18) ___________ (ask) him to teach them how to plant pete. Pete then (19)_______________ (become) the new farming treasure of Sucolor. Really, Bustomi (20)________(be) one of the environment heroes

Kosa kata
Environment    : lingkungan                 Change            : berubah              Scorching  : Amat panas
Lavish              : mewah                       Encouraging     : memberanikan/ mengajak
dried out          : kekeringan                 Profitable         : dapat untung
Treasure           : kekayaan                   Pete                  : petai

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